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Irreversible and severe DNA damage in normal cells is typically eliminated via the apoptosis pathway 2

Additional areas of active investigation include the peptide's potential effects on bone healing, where studies have reported accelerated fracture consolidation in animal models

It enhances repair processes by promoting angiogenesis (partly through VEGF upregulation), reducing inflammation, and mobilizing progenitor cells

Journal of Pharmacological and Toxicological Methods, 112 , 107127

This apparent paradox is explained by the peptides ability to trigger cascading gene expression changes that continue operating long after the peptide itself has been cleared